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“KUFUNGA ZVINHU” MUPFUPI ONGORORO AKAWANDA AKAWANDA KUGADZIRA SIMBA.

ABSTRACT: Kugadzira simbi inogona kukamurwa kuita kabhoni simbi, yakaderera alloy simbi, yepakati alloy simbi uye yakakwirira alloy simbi.Simbi dzakasiyana dzine zvinhu zvakasiyana uye kushandiswa. Zvakadai se5CrMnMo, 3Cr2W8V simbi inoshandiswa mukugadzira inopisa inofa;1Cr13, 2Cr13, 3Cr13, 4Cr13 simbi inoshandiswa mumidziyo yekurapa;1Cr18Ni9, 1Cr18Ni9Ti simbi inoshandiswa muzvikamu zvisingadziviriri;Mn13 simbi inoshandiswa muzvikamu zvisingapfekere;inoshandiswa mukupisa kwepamusoro 5CrMo, 4Cr10Si2Mo simbi yezvikamu;kana 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 2205, 45, 42CrMo, 27SiMn, 40CrNiMo, 40Cr, Q345B/C/D/E, GCr15 simbi, etc. for cylinder forgings;kana yegiya forgings 40Cr, 42CrMo, 20CrMnMo, 20CrMnTi, 42CrMo, 40Cr simbi uye zvichingodaro.

 

Hechino chidimbu kubva kune akati wandei akajairwa forging simbi yekuongorora nyore.Ona pazasi:

1. 20SiMn

  • Iyo ine rimwe simba uye kuoma, yakanaka machining performance, uye yakanaka welding performance.Inogona kutsiva 27SiMn uye S45C simbi;
  • Inokodzera electroslag welding, single hydraulic props uye zvikamu zvine chikamu chikuru chemadziro ukobvu;
  • Kusimba simba ≥ 450;Goho simba ≥ 255;Elongation ≥ 14;Impact simba ≥ 39;Chikamu saizi (dhayamita kana ukobvu): 600 ~ 900mm;
  • Yakajairika kupisa kupisa nzira: normalizing + tempering.

2. 35SiMn

  • Iyo ine simba rakawanda, kupfeka kuramba, kuomarara uye kuneta kuramba, yakanaka machinability, yakanaka kuomarara, kusaita zvakanaka welding, uye yepakati inotonhora deformation plasticity.Hupfumi hwakanaka, hunogona kutsiva zvachose 40Cr kana chikamu kutsiva 40CrNi simbi;
  • Inowanzo shandiswa muakasiyana madiki uye epakati-saizi shafts uye magiya,senge magiya ekutakurisa, mainshaft, maspindle, mashefu anotenderera, machira ekubatanidza, makonye, ​​tram shafts, jenareta shafts, crankshafts, flywheels, hubs, impellers, mubato wefoshoro, magejo, Thin-walled seamless simbi pombi.Yakasiyana-siyana yakakosha fasteners uye yakakura uye diki forgings;
  • Tensile simba ≥885MPa;Goho simba ≥735MPa;Elongation ≥15;Impact simba ≥47;
  • Kazhinji kupisa kupisa nzira: kudzima 900 madhigirii, kutonhora kwemvura, kupisa 570 madhigirii, kutonhora kwemvura kana kutonhora kwemafuta.

3. 50SiMn

  • Kusimba kwepamusoro uye kusimba kwakanaka, kumira zvakanaka kwecorrosion, tembiricha yekupisa oxidation, kugadzirwa kwepurasitiki kuri nyore, kupedzwa kwepamusoro, uye kunzwa kune hasha brittleness.Inogona kutsiva 40Cr;
  • Inonyanya kushandiswa kune hombe mhete giya, mavhiri uye shaft zvikamu zvine zvidiki uye zvepakati muchinjiko-zvikamu.

4. 16MnCr

  • Simbi yegiya inounzwa kubva kuGermany, yakaenzana neChina's 16CrMnH, ine yakanaka kuomarara uye yakanaka machinability, kuomarara kwepamusoro pepamusoro, kusagadzika kwepamusoro, uye kusimba kwakadzika-tembiricha;
  • Inowanzoshandiswa kune zvikamu zvakakura, zvakadai semagiya, giya shafts, honye, ​​seal sleeves, turbine mafuta seals, maoko epeturu nemabhaudhi, nezvimwewo;
  • Tensile simba 880-1180;Goho simba 635;Elongation 9;Kuoma ≤297HB;
  • Tsanangudzo yekurapa kwekupisa: 900 ° C mafuta ekudzima + 870 ° C mafuta ekudzima, 200 ° C kupisa.

5. 20MnCr

  • Simbi ye carburizing inotengeswa kubva kuGermany,yakaenzana ne20CrMn muChina, inogona kushandiswa sesimbi yakadzimwa uye yakadzikama.Kuomarara kwakanaka, diki kupisa kurapwa deformation, yakanaka yakaderera tembiricha kuoma, yakanaka yekucheka kuita, asi kushomeka weldability;
  • Inogona kushandiswa kune zvikamu zvine diki muchinjiko-chikamu, yepakati kudzvanywa uye isina hombe kukanganisa mutoro,zvakadai semagiya, shafts, matanda ekubatanidza, rotors, sleeves, friction mavhiri, makonye, ​​main shafts, couplings, universal couplings, kugadzirisa Sleeve yemutongi wekukurumidza uye mabhoti evhavha yevhavha yevhavha yepamusoro, nezvimwewo;
  • Tensile simba 1482;goho simba 1232;kureba 13;kukanganisa kuoma kukosha 73;kuoma 357HB;
  • Tsanangudzo yekurapa kwekupisa: 900 ° C kudzima mafuta + 870 ° C kudzima mafuta, 200 ° C kupisa

6. 20CrMnTi

  • Carburized steel.Iko kuoma kwakakwira, machinability yakanaka, iyo machining deformation idiki, uye kuramba kuneta kwakanaka.Iine yakakwirira yakaderera-kupisa kukanganisa kuoma uye yepakati weldability;
  • Inonyanya kushandiswa mumotokari yekufambisa magiya, ayo anogona kushandiswa segiya, giya shafts, mhete giya, misoro yemuchinjikwa, nezvimwewo;zvikamu zvakakosha zvine chikamu chemuchinjiko chisingasviki 30mm, senge magiya, giya remhete, giya shafts, inotsvedza mabhengi, main shafts, claw clutches, makonye, ​​misoro yemuchinjikwa, nezvimwewo;
  • Tensile simba≥1080(110);Goho simba≥835(85);Elongation≥10;Impact simba≥55;Impact kuoma kukosha≥69(7);Kuoma≤217HB;
  • Tsanangudzo yekurapa kwekupisa: Kudzima: kekutanga 880 ℃, kechipiri 870 ℃, kutonhora kwemafuta;kupisa 200 ℃, kutonhora kwemvura, kutonhora kwemhepo.

7. 20MnMo

  • Good welding performance.Chimiro chemakemikari yeSA508-3cl.2 simbi yakafanana zvikuru;
  • Inoshandiswa kune yepakati tembiricha uye yakanyanya kumanikidza midziyo, senge musoro, yepasi chivharo, silinda, nezvimwewo;
  • Kusimba simba ≥470;Goho simba ≥275;Elongation ≥14;Impact simba ≥31.

8. 25CrMo4

  • Kusimba kwepamusoro uye kuomarara, kuomarara kwepamusoro, hapana kushatirwa, kugoneka kwakanyanya, kuderera kwemaitiro ekugadzira kutsemuka kunotonhora, machinability yakanaka uye kutonhora kwepurasitiki.
  • Inowanzo shandiswa mukudzimwa uye kudziya kana kupiswa uye kudzimwa mamiriro, inoshandiswa kugadzira mapombi akanyanya-kudzvanywa uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinosungirira zvinoshanda mumhepo isingaore uye midhiya ine nitrogen nehydrogen musanganiswa ane tembiricha yekushanda iri pasi pe250 ℃, uye yakakwirira-level. kupinza Carbon zvikamu, senge magiya, shafts, pressure plates, piston yekubatanidza tsvimbo, nezvimwewo;
  • Tensile simba ≥ 885 (90);Goho simba ≥ 685 (70);Elongation ≥ 12;Impact simba ≥ 35;Impact kuoma kukosha ≥ 98 (10);Kuoma ≤ 212HB;
  • Tsanangudzo yekurapa kwekupisa: kudzima pa880 ℃, kutonhora kwemvura, kutonhora kwemafuta;kupisa pa500 ℃, kutonhora kwemvura, kutonhora kwemafuta.

9. 35CrMo

  • High creep simba uye kusimba pakupisa kwepamusoro, tembiricha yekushanda kwenguva refu inogona kusvika 500 ℃;mwero plasticity panguva inotonhora deformation, urombo weldability;tembiricha yakaderera kusvika -110 ℃, ine simba rakanyanya static, kusimba kwekuita uye simba rakanyanya kuneta, Kuomarara kwakanaka, kusada kuwedzeredza, kudzima kudiki deformation, plastiki inogamuchirika panguva yekutonhora deformation, pakati machinability, asi kune yekutanga mhando yehasha brittleness, uye weldability yacho haina kunaka.Inoda preheated kusvika 150 ~ 400 madhigirii celsius isati yave welding.Post-weld kupisa kurapwa kubvisa kushushikana.Inowanzo shandiswa mushure mekudzima uye kudziya, inogona zvakare kushandiswa mushure mepamusoro uye yepakati frequency pamusoro pekudzima kana kudzima uye yakaderera uye yepakati tembiricha tembiricha;
  • Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvakakosha mumichina yakasiyana-siyana inotakura simba, kupeta uye torsion, uye mitoro yakakwira, senge magiya makuru echikamu, mashefu anorema ekutakura, steam turbine injini rotors, main shafts, anotsigira shafts, giya, crankshafts, crankshafts, sando tsvimbo. , Kubatanidza tsvimbo, fasteners, high-pressure seamless gobvu-walled conduits, nezvimwewo;
  • Tensile simba ≥ 985 (100);Goho simba ≥ 835 (85);Elongation ≥ 12;Kuderedza nzvimbo ≥ 45;Impact simba ≥ 63;Impact kuoma kukosha ≥ 78 (8);Kuoma ≤ 229HB;
  • Tsanangudzo yekurapa kwekupisa: kudzima 850 ℃, kutonhora kwemafuta;kupisa 550 ℃, kutonhora kwemvura, kutonhora kwemafuta.

10. 42CrMo

  • Iine yakanaka mechanic properties uye kushanda,uye kusimba kwayo nekuoma kwayo kwakakwirira kudarika 35CrMo;
  • Inoshandiswa kugadzira mafogi ane simba rakakwirira kana kuti akakurisa akadzimirwa uye ane hasha chikamu pane 35CrMo simbi, senge magiya mahombe ekutambisa locomotive, supercharger transmission gears, rear axles, kubatanidza tsvimbo, zvinoderedza, kubatanidza shaft universal couplings uye 8.8 mamakisi, Mabhaudhi, nzungu, washer , nezvimwewo mudhayamita kusvika 100mm;
  • Annealing kuoma 255～207HB, kudzima kuoma ≥60HRC;

11. 50CrMo

  • Simba uye kuoma kwakakwira kupfuura 42CrMo, inowanzo shandiswa mushure mekudzima uye kupisa.Inogona kutsiva simbi yakadzima uye yakanyoroveswa nepamusoro nickel content;
  • Inoshandiswa kugadzira mafogi ane simba repamusoro kana chikamu chihombe kupfuura 42CrMo simbi, senge magiya mahombe ekutambisa locomotive, supercharger transmission giya, maekisi emashure, masilinda einjini, 1200 ~ 2000m oiri yakadzika mugodhi wepombi majoini, maturusi ehove, tsvimbo dzepiston uye Giredhi 8.8. fasteners ane dhayamita 100 ~ 160mm;
  • Nzira yekurapa kwekupisa: kudzima 850 °;inotonhorera: mafuta;kupisa kwekushisa 560 °;inotonhorera: mvura, mafuta;
  • Simba rekusimba ndeye MPa1080;iyo goho poindi iMPa930;kureba i12, kudzikisira kwenzvimbo i45, uye kubatwa kwe63;

12. 20CrMnMo

  • High-giredhi carburized simbi, simba pamusoro 15CrMnMo;kuderera zvishoma kwepurasitiki uye kuoma, kuoma kwepamusoro uye michina yemagetsi kupfuura 20CrMnTi;yakanaka yakazara mechanicha zvivakwa uye yakaderera tembiricha kukanganisa kuoma mushure mekudzima uye kupisa;yakakwirira mushure mekuvhara uye kudzima Iine simba rekukotama rakakwirira uye kupfeka kusagadzikana, asi rinowanzoita kuputika panguva yekugaya;urombo weldability, akakodzera kuramba nomoto, preheating pamberi nomoto, uye tempering pashure welding;yakanaka machinability uye inopisa workability.Inogona kushandiswa panzvimbo ye12Cr2Ni4;
  • Inowanzoshandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvakakura uye zvakakosha zvecarburized nehupamhi hwepamusoro, simba rakakwirira, kusimba kwepamusoro uye kupfeka kusagadzikana, zvakadai se crankshafts, camshafts, tsvimbo dzekubatanidza, giya shafts, giya, pini shafts, nezvimwewo;
  • Tensile simba ≥ 1180;Goho poindi ≥ 885;Elongation mushure mekuputsika ≥ 10;Chikamu shrinkage ≥ 45;Impact absorption basa ≥ 55;Brinell kuoma ≤ 217;
  • Kupisa kupisa: kudzima tembiricha yekudziya ye850 ℃;kupisa kupisa kwekushisa kwe200 ℃;

13. 18MnMoNb

  • High tembiricha kuramba pazasi 500 ~ 530 ℃, yakanaka welding uye kugadzirisa kushanda;
  • Inowanzoshandiswa mumakemikari akakwirira-kudzvinyirira midziyo, hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic turbine shafts, etc. Low-alloy structural steel for boilers uye pressure midziyo.Iyo ine simba repamusoro uye goho reshiyo, yakanaka yekupisa yekupisa kuita uye yepakati tembiricha kuita, nyore kugadzira maitiro, yakanaka welding performance, uye yakanyanya kupisa kuramba.Inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwepamusoro-kumanikidza boiler steam zvigubhu uye midziyo yakakura yemakemikari;inoshandiswawo semahombe mahombe e hydraulic turbines uye hydro-generator, uye AC uye DC mota shafts;
  • Tensile simba ≥635;Goho simba ≥510;Elongation 17;Tembiricha yekamuri inokanganisa kukosha kwe69;
  • Tsanangudzo yekurapa kwekupisa: general normalizing + tempering treatment: 950～980℃ normalizing, heat preservation 1.5min～2.0min/mm, 600～650℃ tempering, kuchengetedza kupisa 5min～7min/mm, kutonhora kwemhepo.

14.42MnMoV

  • Yakadzima uye yakadzikama yakaderera alloy simbi.Inogona kutsiva 42CrMo;
  • Inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira shafts uye magiya, nezvimwewo;
  • Iyo yepamusoro inodzima kuoma ndeye 45 ~ 55HRC;tensile simba ≥765;goho simba ≥590;kureba ≥12;kuderedzwa kwenzvimbo ≥40;simba rekuita ≥31;kuoma 241-286HB.

 

Kunobva:Mechanical nyanzvi mabhuku.

Editor: Ali

Nguva yekutumira: Nov-16-2021